PRIME Minister Narendra Modi’s first visit outside India in his third term is an emphatic statement on the country’s foreign policy. India advocates cessation of hostilities and prefers dialogue over conflict, a position consistently articulated in international forums. But it will take its own course to protect its national interests while navigating complex global issues. This is a trajectory which is set to accelerate in Modi’s third term. The agreement to establish Indo-Russian joint ventures for defence production and facilitating military exports to mutually agreed friendly nations exemplifies this forward-looking approach.
PM Modi’s third term is distinct in its recent foreign policy decisions. From inviting all neighbouring countries except China and Pakistan to his swearing-in ceremony, to strategic engagements at G7 summit, and now visits to Russia and Austria, he is making significant statements on the global stage. Foreign policy remains a cornerstone of Modi 3.0’s agenda. The choice of Moscow as his first destination, display of his camaraderie with Russian President Vladimir Putin, and the pledge to enhance bilateral trade and defence cooperation signify a strategic shift in stance. The agreement to establish Indo-Russian joint ventures for defence production and facilitating military exports to mutually agreed friendly nations exemplifies this forward-looking approach.
Additionally, it underscores India’s enduring friendship with Russia amid geopolitical dynamics, including a pointed message to China. While India values its friendships with the US and other Western nations, it cannot allow any of the power blocs to dictate terms. It is free to choose its options as per its own national interest. PM Modi has demonstrated adeptness in making bold foreign policy moves, exemplified by strong ties fostered with Gulf countries during his tenure. This trend has been evident since he took office a decade ago. Following the Russian trip, his subsequent visit to Austria – the first by an Indian Prime Minister since 1983 – illustrates a pattern of seeking new allies.
PM Modi has already articulated his vision of Viksit Bharat by making India the third-largest economy in the world and a Vishwaguru. He has now set his eyes on actualising India’s long-sought permanent membership in the UNSC, form strategic alliances, deal with the China challenge, revitalise ties with neighbours, and play a pivotal role in world politics.
India set the tone in its quest for global leadership by hosting the G20 Summit. Now, it aims for a credible leadership role in the Global South, evidenced by substantial progress in its increased engagement with Africa, Latin America, and Southeast Asia. By becoming the ‘Voice of the Global South’, India is attempting to find its niche, where it enjoys a more welcoming space. This strategic positioning not only enhances India’s diplomatic influence but also fosters stronger economic and political ties with emerging economies.
PM Modi has noted that the world is “looking towards Bharat with many hopes.” To live up to those expectations, India needs to “make several changes to move forward in the global scenario” and “change our traditional thinking regarding reform.” His third term will see all-around reforms to align with the aspirations of a Viksit Bharat. A push for free trade agreements, an emphasis on digital infrastructure and energy transition, and strengthening of economic resilience to absorb global financial shocks will all be part of the agenda.
